The history of the Indian subcontinent is often viewed through the prism of partitioned lands, yet the most grievous wound inflicted upon the geography of the region remains the partition of its rivers. The Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 is frequently lauded in global diplomatic circles as a beacon of cooperation between hostile neighbours, but for India, it stands as a monumental testament to strategic naivety and misplaced generosity. This agreement was not a settlement of equ

A provocative war threat from Pakistan over Bangladesh is not a sign of strength but of desperation. Drawing from Kashmir’s lived experience of Pakistan’s proxy-war model, this article exposes Islamabad’s attempt to recycle its failed strategy by exploiting political instability in Bangladesh. It argues that a state crippled by economic collapse and internal unrest cannot posture as a regional power, and that South Asia’s stability now depends on containing Pakistan’s export

Kashmir is not a proxy battlefield but a homeland for millions seeking peace, dignity, and opportunity, contrasting Pakistan’s use of militancy and propaganda with India and Azad Kashmir’s focus on governance, development, and genuine empowerment of local communities.

Pakistan has long presented itself as a leading voice in the Muslim world. Founded in 1947 as a homeland for Muslims of British India, it has over the decades sought to project itself as a champion of Islamic solidarity, a defender of Muslim causes and a strategic partner for other Muslim-majority states. But in 2024-25 the landscape of Pakistan’s relations with other Islamic nations is increasingly shaped by tension, complexity and paradox by the interplay of border issues,

The term “Azad Jammu and Kashmir”, as Pakistan calls the territory it occupies, is a masterpiece of propaganda, a name that promises freedom while delivering subjugation. Far from being an independent entity, as the word “Azad” suggests, Azad Kashmir is a colony under Pakistan’s illegal and aggressive occupation and a stolen fragment of the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. Since 1947, Pakistan has maintained a facade of autonomy in this region, with puppet leade